Broaching apparatus



Aug. 30, 1949. i. A. MORBERG ETAL.

BRoAcHING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 12, 194e 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 WWA/mes I ci# 504% FAQ/7H Aug. 30, 1949. 1. A. MORBERG ETAL BROACHING APRRATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 12, 1946 @H SRM ,n @E N MEA R NRF m M@ Aug. 3o, 1949.

l. A. MORBERG ET AL BROACHI NG APPARATUS s sheets-sheet s Filed Feb. 12, 1946 /f/vz-wrms A. Manafna 6. Sra/,z F4 ww ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 30, 1949 BROACHING APPARATUS Ivar A. Morberg and George Stuhlfauth, Chicago,

Ill., assignors to Western Electric Company, In-

corporated, New York,

New York N. Y., a corporation of Application February 12, 1946, Serial No. 647,146

11 Claims.

This invention relates to broaching apparatus and more particularly to broaching apparatus for broaching the interior surfaces of hollow arcuately shaped articles.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an elncient and effective apparatus for broaching the curved internal surfaces of articles.

In one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus is provided with a circular broaching tool formed as a major arc of a circle having cutting teeth spaced from its ends and having its ends spaced apart to receive a hollow circular article therebetween to permit the article to be assembled onto a portion of the tool, after which the ends of the tool are clamped to a rotatable driving member of the apparatus and the article is engaged by supporting members to hold it during the broaching operation.

'Ihe invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus with parts broken away and showing the apparatus with the broaching tool removed;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of the broaching tool and showing an article in dot and dash lines between the ends thereof in position to be assembled thereon and showing, in dotted lines, the article assembled thereon;

Fig. 3 is an elevational view of a clamping plate for clamping the broaching tool on the apparatus;

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the apparatus showing the broaching tool and the article in assembled relation thereon prior to the broaching operation;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of the apparatus showing parts in section taken along the line 5 5 of Fig. 4 in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4 in the direction of the arrows showing the means for supporting the hollow article;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the device taken on the line '1 1 of Fig. 4 in the direction of the arrows and showing the article with the circular broaching tool therein;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 5 in the direction vof the arrows showing the hollow article in dot and dash lines and some of the means for supporting the same;

Fig. 9 is an arcuate or developed section taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 4 in the direction of the 50 washer 36 and cap screw 31.

arrows showing the arm to which the broaching tool is attached and the means for attaching same; and

Fig. 10 is an elevational view of the circular 5 hollow part to be broached.

10 prises a hollow arcuately shaped article I6 (Fig.

10) having thin walls and an arcuate aperture therethrough of rectangular shape in cross section and has formed thereon enlarged end flanges IB, I9 provided with shoulders 20 20 and 2I 2I and finished end faces 22 and 23, respectively, the

end faces being disposed at right angles to each other.

In order that the broaching operation may be performed thereon, the article I6 is adapted to be assembled or telescoped onto a removable arcuate broaching tool (Figs. 2 and 4) of the broaching device. The broaching tool 25 is formed as a major arc of a circle and has at radially disposed end portions 26 and 2'I spaced apart a disg5 tance suihcient to receive the article I6 therebetween, as indicated in Fig. 2, to permit the assembling of a member I6 onto the broaching tool 25. In the central portion thereof, the broaching tool 25 is formed with a plurality of cutting edges or 30 teeth 30, which are formed on all sides of the tool and increase progressively in size to conform to the size and shape of the aperture which is to be broached in the article. A guide portion 3| is formed on the broaching tool 25 between the end 26 and the teeth 30 of a reduced size to lit into the aperture of and receive the unbroached hollow article I6 thereon, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2. A guide portion 32 is provided between the teeth 30 and the end portion 21 to receive the part I 6 thereon after the cutting edges 30 have passed through the part on completion of the broaching operation. The guide portions 3| and 32 serve to position the hollow article radially relative to the cutting teeth during the broaching operation.

The broaching tool 25 (Figs. 1, 4 and 7) is adapted to be clamped to a rotatable drive member or tool holder comprising an arm 33 fixed to the end of a shaft 34 by a key 35, a retaining The arm 33 has faces 38 and 39 angularly disposed with respect one to the other adapted to engage in abutting relation the ends 26 and 21 of the broaching tool 25. An arcuate plate 40, secured to the arm 33 by screws 4I and dowel pins 42, has'radially disposed keys 44 and 45 formed thereon in spaced relation to the end surfaces 38 and 39 of the arm 33 (Figs. 1 and 9), which are adapted to t into radial recesses or notches 41 and 48, respectiveiy, formed in the end portions of the breaching tool 25. To clamp the breaching tool 25 in position on the arm 33, an arcuate clamping plate 55 is provided having end portions overlying and engaging the end portions of the tool 25 and secured to the arm 33 by a thumb screw 52 passing through an aperture 53 in the plate 50 and threadedly engaging an aperture 54 in the arm 33. An outer arcuate flange 56, formed on the plate 5D, is adapted to engage portionsor the periphery of the arm 33 and the ends of the breaching tool and arcuate lugs 5l' and 58 (Fig. 4) formed on the inner portion thereof are adaptedto engage the inner periphery of the ends of thebroaching tool 25 and the key members 54 and 65. The circular breaching tool 25, When secured to the drive L member 33, is accurately positioned thereon with its axis concentric with the axis of rotation of the rotary tool holder 33 and the guide portions 3| and 32 thereof are of a length sufcient to receive an article I6 thereon between the teeth 38 and the tool holder 33.(Fig. 4)

The shaft 3 4, on which the arm 33 is secured, is mounted for rotation in suitable bearings in a housing 65 provided with feet 55 and secured to a base or supporting member 68. Also secured to the shaft 34 is` a gear 18 (Fig. 1), the teeth of which mesh with the. teeth on a rack bar 'il mounted for reciprocation in a guide member 'i2 of the breaching apparatus. The rack bar 1| may be secured toer formed integrally with a piston rod 13 cooperating with` a fluid actuator 'l5 for receiving a limited reciprec'atory movement therefrom to impart a predetermined rotary movement to the breaching tool 25.V

To support thearcuate article I6. ina stationary position during the breaching operation, the breaching apparatus is provided with a pair of supporting members 8|Y and82 (Fig. 6) and an upper pair of supporting members 83 and 84 (Figs. 1, 5, 6 and 8). The supporting members 8| and B2 are spaced apart (Figs. 4 and 6) te straddle the breaching tool 25 and Yhave horizontal fiat surfaces to engage the end surface 23 ofthe circular article |'B,.and the supporting members 83 and 84 (Fig. 5) are likewise spaced apart to straddle the breaching tool 25 and the article i6 andV have vertical end surfaces to engage the shoulders 28-20 of the article IB (Figs. 4 and 5). To permit the breaching tool and the article I6 to be applied to and removed from the apparatus, the supporting members 8| and 83 are movable from the article supporting positions shown in Fig. 4 to the positions shown in Fig. 1.

The support 82, which is stationary, projects from and is formed integrally with a block 85 secured to a supporting plate 81, which is secured to the housing 65 by the cap screws 83. The movable support 8| comprises a rectangular elongated member slidably mounted in a recess 98 in the block 85' and retained therein by a plate 9|. On the end opposite to that which supports the article |6, the supporting member 8| is provided With a handle 93, and a pin 9d in the plate 9| extends into a slot. S5 in the member 8| to limit the movement thereof.

The member 84, which engages one of the shoulders 28 on the article |6, comprises a bar of rectangular cross section adjustably mounted in a recess 91 (Fig. 5)` formed in a block 93 secured to the supporting plate 81 of the ap,

paratus. A threaded aperture 99, formed in one end of the member 84, is engaged by a threaded adjusting member |08 rotatably mounted in a plate il secured to the block 98. The adjusting member E88 is provided with a knurled thumb nut 52 by means of which the adjusting member |08 may be turned to adjust the position of the supporting member 84 so that the end thereof engages one of the shoulders 28 and forms a rigid support therefor.

The member 83, which is movable to the pesition shown in Fig. 1 to facilitate the application and removal of a part IB and the breaching tool 25, is pivotally mounted on an adjustable member |65. Oneend of the member 83 has a partially cylindrical surface |86, concentric with an aperture |81 formed therein and fits into a recess formed in theend of the member |85 and engages a cylindrical surface |88 thereof. The aperture |51 receives a pin |89 therein lcarried by the reduced wall portion H5 of the member |55. Arcuate movement of the member 83 is limited between a horizontal position, as shown in Fig. e, Where the underneath side thereof engages a horizontal supporting surface ||l (Fig. i) of the member |85, and an inclined position, shown in Fig. 1, Where the member 83 engages an inclined Wall of the recess ||2 formed in the supporting block 98. A handle ||3 isprovided on the end of a member 83tofacilitate moving it from one position to the other and the member 83 is retained in one or the other of its positions by the engagement therewith of a spring-pressed detent ||5 engaging in recesses and Hl formed in the cylindrical end of the member 83. rhe member |85 is slidably mounted in a rectangular aperture formed by a recess H9 in the supporting block 98 and a retaining plate |28 and is adjustable therein by means of a threaded member |2| rotatably mounted in the plate |8| and having a knurled handle |22, by which it may be rotated.

In the operation of the device, the circular breaching tool 25isremoved from the tool holder arm 33 and the article lli te be breached is assembled thereon. The article i5 is placed between the ends of the breaching tool, as shown in Fig. 2, where it is in a'position to be telescoped onto the portion 3| ofthe breaching tool. With the article I6 assembled on the guide portion 3i of the breaching tool 25, the tool 25 is brought into engagement with the tool holder arm 33 so that the key portions` M and 45 thereof engage in the recesses 41 and 48, respectively, of the breaching tool 25. The retaining plate 5|) is then applied to the arm-33 andsecuredthereto bythe thumb nut 52 te clamp the end portions of the breaching tool tightly against the tool holder 33. The article i6, tclescoped on the tool 25, is positioned as shown in Fig. 4 so that the end surface 23. thereof engagesthe upper horizontal surfaces of the supporting members 82 and 8|,the member 8| having been advanced to the position indicated in Fig. 4, and the member 83 moved to horizontal position andl the members 83 and ladjusted to rmlyengage the shoulders 2li- 28 of the fiange'- portion i8 of the article (Figs. 4 and 5). The member I5 is thus firmly supported at its .two-ends to withstand the rotary action of the'broaching tool 25. 4The fluid actuator 'i5 may thenloe.operatedte advance theV rack bar a predeterminedv distance `and impart a predetermined rotary movement to the breaching tool 25. Duringthebroaching operation, the tool 2.5.is.rotated throughan angle suf-l ficient to move the cutting teeth 30 through the article I6.

At the beginning of the breaching operation, the teeth of the breaching tool are positioned adjacent one end of the article, as shown in Fig. 4, with the arm 33 and the clamping plate El) occupying the position shown therein, and, on completion of the breaching operation, after the cutting teeth 30 have passed through the article I6, the cutting teeth will be positioned adjacent the lower end thereof and the arm 33 and the clamping plate 50 will be positioned adjacenty the face 22 of the article I6. The movable supporting members 8| and 83 may then be withdrawn from engagement with the article IB to the positions shown in Fig. 1, and the breaching tool 25 and the article I6 thereon may be removed from the breaching apparatus by first removing the retaining plate 5l. The breached article I6 may be removed from the tool 25 and the arm 33 returned to its normal starting position shown in Fig. 1, after which the tool and the apparatus are in condition to receive another article thereon for the performance of another breaching operation.

What is claimed is:

1. An elbow breaching apparatus comprising a rotatable shaft, a tool holder fixed to said shaft, a tool of partially annular configuration forming an incomplete annulus connectible to said holder and adapted to be received within the curved aperture of the elbow, said tool having breaching teeth formed on an arcuate area thereof, and means for attaching said tool to said holder to ferm, with the tool and holder, a rigid annular structure.

2. A breaching apparatus for breaching the interior of an elbow comprising a removable arcuate breaching tool formed as an incomplete annulus adapted to be received within the el-bow to be breached and having end portions spaced apart to permit said elbow to be assembled thereon, means for rotating the tool, means for clamping said tool to said rotatable means, cutting edges on said tool intermediate the ends thereof, portions on said tool preceding and following the cutting edges for receiving an elbow thereon while the tool is clamped on said rotating means, and means for holding the elbow stationary during the breaching operation.

3. A breaching apparatus for breaching an arcuately shaped article comprising an arcuate breaching tool having ends spaced apart to permit an article to be telescoped thereon, a tool holder for clamping the tool in a predetermined relation thereto, cutting teeth on the tool in spaced relation to the ends thereof whereby a hollow article may be received on either end of the tool between the cutting teeth and the tool holder, means for holding the article in position relative to the cutting teeth of the tool, and means for causing relative movement between the tool and the article holding means to eiect the breaching of said article.

4. A breaching apparatus for breaching the interior of an arcuately shaped hollow article comprising a removable arcuate breaching tool formed as a major arc of a circle and having end portions spaced apart to enable the article to be assembled onto the tool, cutting teeth on said circular breach intermediate its ends, guide portions between the cutting teeth and the ends of the circular breach to receive the hollow article thereon on opposite sides of the cutting teeth and for positioning the articlev relative to the cutting teeth, means for rotating said breaching tool, means for clamping said breaching tool to said rotatable means at points outside of the article to be breached, and meansfor holding the article stationary during the breaching operation.

5. In a breaching apparatus for breaching the internal surfaces of an arcuately shaped article, an arcuate breaching tool formed as a major arc of a circle and having ends spaced apart to enable an article to be assembled ente the tool, cutting teeth on said tool, a guide portion on said tool for receiving an unbroached article thereon between the cutting teeth and one end of the tool prior to the breaching operation, a guide portion on said tool for receiving a breached article thereon between the cutting edges and the other end of the tool following the breaching operation, a tool holder for supporting the tool and engageable with the ends thereof, means for clamping the tool to said tool holder, means for rotating the tool holder, and means for supporting the article during the breaching operation.

6. An arcuate breaching tool for breaching the internal surface of a hollow circular article comprising' an arcuate tool having ends adapted to be clamped in a tool holder, cutting edges formed on the tool intermediate its ends, and guide portions on the tool preceding and following the cutting edges for receiving the article thereon between the cutting edges on the tool and the ends thereof when the tool is clamped in thetool holder and for guiding the article relative to the cutting edges during relative cutting movement betweenV the article and the cutting edges, said ends being spaced apart a distance suicient to enable the article to be assembled onto the tool.

7. An arcuate breach for breaching the interior of a hollow arcuately shaped article comprising an arcuate tool formed as a major arc of a circle and having end portions adapted to be engaged by a tool holder and spaced apart to enable the article to be breached to be assembled onto the tool, cutting teeth on the tool intermediate its ends, and guide portions ,between the cutting teeth and the end portions of the tool to receive the hollow article thereon on opposite sides of the teeth while the tool is held in the tool holder and to position the article relative to cutting teeth during relative movement therebetween.

8. A breaching apparatus for breaching the interior of an arcuately shaped hollow article comprising a removable arcuate breaching tool formed as a major arc of a circle and with the end portions spaced apart to enable the hollow article to be telescoped en said tool, a rotatable tool holder means for securing said tool in a predetermined position on said holder with the axis of the tool concentric with the axis of rotation of the tool holder, cutting edges on the tool intermediate the ends of said tool, means for holding the article during the breaching operation, and means for effecting relative movement between the tool holder and the article holding means to effect the breaching of said article.

9. A breaching apparatus for breaching the interior of a hollow arcuately shaped article comprising a removable arcuate breaching tool formed as a major arc of a circle, cutting teeth on said tool intermediate the ends thereof, a guide portion on said tool for receiving an unbreached article thereon between the cutting teeth and one end of the tool, a guide portion on said toolfor receiving a breached .article thereon between the cutting edges and the other end of the tool, said guide portions serving to position the article relative to the cutting edges during the breaching operation, a tool holder for supporting the arcuate breaching tool and engageable with the ends thereof, means for clamping the tool te said tool holder, means for supporting the article during the breaching operation, andl means for effecting relative movement between the tool holder and the article supporting means to effect the breaching of said article.

10. A breaching apparatus for breaching the internal surface of a hollow arcuatelyV shaped article comprising a rotatable shaft, means for supporting the shaft, a tool holder carried by the shaft, a removable arcuate breaching tool formed as an arc of a circle and having its ends receivable in a predetermined position in the tool holder with the axis of said tool concentric with the axis o'rotation of the tool holder, means for clamping the tool in position on the tool holders, cutting teeth on the tool intermediate its ends, a guide portion on the tool in position to receive an unbroached article thereon between the cutting teethand the tool holder, a secondguide portion en the tool to receive the article thereon between the cutting teeth and the tool holder, said guide portions .serving to position the article radially relative to the cutting teeth during a breaching operation, and means engaging the article te prevent the circumferential movement thereof during the breaching operation.

11. An elbow breaching apparatus comprising a rotatable shaft, a tool holder carried by the shaft, a removable arcuate breaching tool formed as a major arc of a circle and having its` ends receivable in a predetermined position. in theV tool helder with the axis of said tool concentric with the axis of rotation of the tool-holder, means for clamping the tool in position on the tool 1 holder, cutting teeth on the tool intermediate its ends, a guide portion en the tool in position to receive an unbreached elbow thereon between the cutting teeth and the tool holder, a second guide portion en the tool to receive the elbow thereon REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 787,232 Taylor Apr. 11, 1905 2,113,554 Johnson Apr. 5, 1938 2,298,647 Rossmann Oct: 13, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 466,844 Germany May 14,1930 

